Foreword

Informatics and Cybernetics (communication and control) are having an increasing impact on societies and in the globalization process that is integrating them. Societies are trying to regulate this impact, and adapt it to their respective cultural infra-structures. Societies and cultures are in reciprocal co-adaptations with Information and Communication Technologies. Synergic relationships might emerge in this co-adaptation process by means of positive and negative feedback loops, as well as feedforward ones. This would make the whole larger than the sum of its parts, generating emergent properties in the parts involved as well as in the whole coming forth. The academic, private, and public sectors are integrating their activities; multi-disciplinary groups and inter-disciplinary teams are being formed, and collaborative research and development projects are being organized in order to facilitate and adequately orient the design and implementation of the feedback and the feedforward loops, so the synergic relationships are socially positive and personally human.

One of the main purposes of the 3rd International Multi-Conference on Society, Cybernetics and Informatics (IMSCI 2009) is to bring together academics, professionals, and managers from the private and the public sectors, so they can share ideas, results of research, and innovative services or products, in a multi-disciplinary and multi-sector forum.

Educational technologies, socio-economic organizations, and socio-political processes are essential domains among those involved in the evolving co-adaptation and co-transformation between societies and cultures on the one hand, and between informatics and cybernetics (communication and control) on the other hand. Consequently, the main conferences in the context of the IMSCI 2009 Multi-Conference are the following:

• 7th International Conference on Education and Information Systems, Technologies and Applications: EISTA 2009
• 5th International Conference on Social and Organizational Informatics and Cybernetics: SOIC 2009
• 7th International Conference on Politics and Information Systems, Technologies and Applications: PISTA 2009

These three conferences are related to each other and, as a whole, are producing or might produce synergic relationships with Information and Communication Technologies. This is why the Organizing Committees of the three of them have the purpose of combining their efforts in a way that would lead to the organization of an adequate joint event, where academics, researchers, consultants, professionals, innovators, and practitioners from the three areas might relate and interact with each other in the same event. These types of interaction might generate possibilities of cross-fertilization and analogical thinking, as well as possibilities of new working hypothesis, ideas, and reflections on the impact, significance, and usefulness of Informatics and Cybernetics in important dimensions of educational, socio-political, and socio-economical processes, services, and products.

The relationship between education/training and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) is quickly intensifying and sometimes appears in unexpected forms and in combination with original ideas, innovative tools, methodologies, and synergies. Accordingly, the primary purpose of the 7th International Conference on Education and Information Systems, Technologies and Applications (EISTA 2009) has been to bring together researchers and practitioners from both areas together to support the emerging bridge between education/training and the ICT communities.

The 5th International Conference on Social and Organizational Informatics and Cybernetics (SOIC 2009) and The 7th International Conference on Politics and Information Systems, Technologies and Applications (PISTA 2009) have been organized and collocated with EISTA 2009 and the proceedings of the three conferences have been collected in the same volumes under the general title of Society, Cybernetics and Informatics because significant relationships were found among the three of them.

In the context of EISTA 2009, practitioners and consultants were invited to present case studies and innovative solutions. Corporations were invited to present education/training information systems and software-based solutions. Teachers and professors were invited to present case studies, specifically developed information systems, and innovative ideas and designs. Educational scientists and technologists were invited to present research or position papers on the impact and the future possibilities of ICT in educational systems, training processes, and methodologies. Managers of educational organizations and training consultants were invited to present problems that might be solved by ICT or solutions that might be improved by different approaches and designs in ICT.

EISTA 2009 provides a forum for the presentation of solutions and problems in the application of ICT in the fields of education/training. Authors of the papers included in the proceedings provided diverse answers to the following questions:

• What is the impact of ICT in education and training?
• How are ICTs affecting and improving education and training? What networks and models are emerging?
• How are universities, schools, corporations and other educational/training organizations making use of ICT?
• What electronic tools are there to facilitate e-learning, distance education and co-operative training?

In the context of PISTA 2009/SOIC 2009, Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are transforming our societies and our governments at a remarkable speed. Government departments are seeing the importance of delivering services electronically. Political parties have begun using ICT in their processes. Yet, despite this increased need, we find, as John Harvey-Jones calls it, a Dialogue of the Deaf between politicians and the ICT community. Politicians need to understand the potential role of the Internet in politics and the ICT community needs a better understanding of politics if this Dialogue of the Deaf is to be transformed into a mutually comprehensive dialogue and a synergic relationship. The purpose of the International Conference on Politics and Information Systems, Technologies and Applications (PISTA 2009) is to contribute to this emerging dialogue and to aid in bridging the gap between the two communities.

In order to contribute to the creation of relationships between ICT and Sociopolitical communities, ICT researchers and professionals were invited to present their experience and research as it pertains to the application of ICT in politics, governmental action, and political science. Practitioners and consultants were invited to present case studies and innovative solutions. Corporations were invited to present political information systems and software-based solutions to political issues. Public servants were invited to present case studies requiring technology: information systems, innovative ideas, and designs that were developed with political purposes in mind. Political and social scientists were invited to present research or position papers on the impact and future possibilities of ICT in social systems and political processes. Politicians and political consultants were invited to present problems that might be solved by means of ICTs or solutions that might be improved by different approaches and designs in ICT.

The main objective of PISTA 2009 has been to provide a forum for the presentation of both the solutions and problems of ICT applications in politics and society. The following questions need answers from a variety of different perspectives:

How do ICTs impact society?

• How are ICTs affecting democracy and the potential to make joint and collective decisions in government?
• What networks and models are emerging to provide support for political decision systems?
• How are political parties, governments, and campaign groups using IT systems and electronic communications in particular?
• What electronic tools already exist to facilitate democratic discussions and decision-making processes?
• What ethical and legal issues will be a part of the social transformation produced by the ICTs?

On behalf of the Organizing Committees, I extend our heartfelt thanks to:

1. the 127 members of the Program Committees (25 members of the IMSCI 2009´s PC and 102 members of the PCs related to the conferences and symposia organized in the context of IMSCI 2009) from 33 countries;
2. the 400 additional reviewers, from 73 countries, for their double-blind peer reviews;
3. the 453 reviewers, from 57 countries, for their efforts in making the non-blind peer reviews. (Some reviewers supported both: non-blind and double-blind reviewing for different submissions)

A total of 1734 reviews made by 942 reviewers (who made at least one review) contributed to the quality achieved in IMSCI 2009. This means an average of 4.78 reviews per submission (363 submissions were received). Each registered author had access, via the conference web site, to the reviews that recommended the acceptance of their respective submissions. Each registered author could get information about: 1) the average of the reviewers evaluations according to 8 criteria, and the average of a global evaluation of his/her submission; and 2) the comments and the constructive feedback made by the reviewers, who recommended the acceptance of his/her submission, so the author would be able to improve the final version of the paper.

In the organizational process of IMSCI 2009, about 363 papers/abstracts were submitted. These pre-conference proceedings include about 123 papers that were accepted for presentation. The organizers of the invited sessions accepted about 6 papers from the papers/abstracts submitted directly to them by the respective authors. Consequently, these pre-conference proceedings contain a total of 129 papers. I extend our thanks to the invited sessions’ organizers for collecting, reviewing, and selecting the papers that will be presented in their respective sessions. The submissions were reviewed as carefully as time permitted; it is expected that most of them will appear in a more polished and complete form in scientific journals.

This information about WMSCI 2009 is summarized in the following table, along with the other collocated conferences:

Conference	# of submissions received	# of reviewers that made at least one review	# of reviews made	Average of reviews per reviewer	Average of reviews per submission	# of papers included in the proceedings	% of submissions included in the proceedings
WMSCI 2009	712	2176	3456	1.59	4.85	255	35.81%
IMETI 2009	723	1833	3556	1.94	4.92	207	28.63%
IMSCI 2009	363	942	1734	1.84	4.78	129	35.54%
CISCI 2009	615	1565	3156	2.02	5.13	184	29.92%
TOTAL	2413	6516	11902	1.83	4.93	775	32.12%

We also extend our gratitude to the co-editors of these proceedings, for the hard work, energy and eagerness they shown preparing their respective sessions. We express our immense gratitude to Professor Freddy Malpica for distinguishing this conference by accepting the position of Honorary Chair of EISTA 2009 and the past conferences of PISTA and SOIC; to Professors Friedrich Welsch for serving as the Program Co-Chair of EISTA 2009 and SOIC 2009, to José Vicente Carrasquero for co-chairing the Program committee of EISTA 2009 and PISTA 2009, to Angel Oropeza for Co-Chairing the EISTA 2009 Organizing Committee, and to Andrés Tremante for serving as the General Chair of EISTA 2009. We also extend our gratitude to Professor Belkis Sánchez, for her relentless support in the organizing process. We also extend our gratitude to Drs. W. Curtiss Priest, H. John Caulfield, Louis H. Kauffman, Ray Bareiss, Stuart A. Umpleby, Michael Lissack, Michael Savoie, Ranulph Glanville, and Karl H. Müller, for accepting to address the audience of the General Joint Plenary Sessions with keynote addresses

We also extend our gratitude to María Sánchez, Juan Manuel Pineda, Juan Pinto, Leonisol Callaos, Dalia Sánchez, Keyla Guédez, Riad Callaos, Marcela Briceño and Mabel Escobar Ortiz for their knowledgeable effort in supporting the organizational process and for producing the hard copy and CD versions of the proceedings. We would also like to thank the support and the secretariat staff that helped in the troubleshooting activities.

 

Professors Andrés Tremante and Nagib Callaos,
IMSCI 2009 General Co-Chairs

Professor José Vicente Carrasquero,
SOIC 2009 General Chair

Professor Angel Oropeza,
PISTA 2009’s General Chair.

Professor Andrés Tremante
EISTA 2009 General Chair.