International Institute of
A Chain of Worlds: Education in the Age of Metaverses
Cowin, Jasmin (United States)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.25
ABSTRACT:
This paper explores the contexts and applications of metaverses, their potential, and possible best practices in education. The paradigms of learning are shifting, driven by new frontiers in learning through the advent of metaverses and augmented reality digital technologies. The future of education and work is evolving into a fluid landscape with uncertain job and career trajectories due to volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity. The structuring of education as a menu of predefined disciplines and degrees situated in brick-and-mortar educational institutions may no longer be an optimal model. The evolution of three factorsaugmented reality digital technologies such as metaverses, big data, and global demand for a tech teacher workforce versed in Technological Content Knowledge, and Technological Pedagogical Knowledge will have far-reaching consequences for the field of education. Cognitive architecture and global, interactive, immersive, and real-time online spaces are poised to become fundamental game-changers.
Algorithmic approaches to decision-making are starting to permeate both institutional and personal spheres through decision support systems. In education, artificial intelligence and intelligent systems will become change agents with deep impacts not only on assessment, administrative functions, organizational strategic planning, student acquisition, and retention but also on curriculum design and pedagogies.
A Decade of Youth Behavior Studies Regarding ICT's Impacts: Notes on the Experience of School of the Future Research Laboratory at the University of São Paulo - Brazil
Passarelli, Brasilina; Angeluci, Alan César Belo (Brazil)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.34
ABSTRACT:
School of the Future Research Laboratory at the University of São Paulo – USP is 32 years old and since 2010 has been devoted to map and discuss new behaviors among different virtual communities seeking of media and information literacy (MIL), new ways of learning and producing contents on digital platforms. On order to do so we have been developing surveys, virtual ethnography and netnographic studies to map new attitudes and behaviors of contemporary networked actors. This article brings a summary of several findings in the research conducted in the last ten years, demonstrating how the pioneering work of School of the Future researchers points out indicators on the behavior of young communities that are valid to this day and still raise contemporary discussions. In order to do so we will focus on our most extensive netnographic studies developed with young students throughout Brazil in 2012-2014.
Academic Globalization via Online Intercultural Exchange – Sharing and Exchanging Ideas on Fan Tourism Between University Students in Italy and Japan
Nakabasami, Chieko; Masuko, Miho (Japan)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.15
ABSTRACT:
In this article, we would like to introduce a cross-cultural communication exchange between the University of Venice in Italy and our university in Japan, and we try to show how effective intercultural communication is for the processes of academic globalization. The aim of the exchange is to share ideas with presentations from students based on a theme of Fan Tourism. We incorporate Osland’s model of working abroad based on the hero’s journey and show the relationship between intercultural communication and Osland’s model. We also show the exchange output and discuss how transnational exchange can become a force driving and accelerating academic globalization.
AFA Model of Performance Management System (PMS) From a Practical Perspective: A Conceptual Framework
Shaaban, Safaa; Badawy, Sahar (Egypt)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.140
ABSTRACT:
Performance management System (PMS) is a systematic approach that bring into line structures, stages, processes, and procedures through a series of establishment activities to assure quality and progress toward organizational goals which enable an organisation to work systematically and to track the connection between outcomes. PMS has its origins in three main theories: goal-setting; public-choice; and expectancy theory. These theories contribute to the understanding of employees motives to perform according to the required standards. However, the models introduced for PMs has three common features: they are focusing on the process, emphasizes on quantitative measures and address the evaluator/ organisation point of view. This can justify why employees complains about PMS. Through a qualitative study in several Egyptian companies, this paper introduces a model for PMS from the perspective of performers and discussing the integration between quantitative and qualitative performance measures. The introduced model has three clear stages: Agreement on objectives, Feedback and Agreement on appraisal.
This study, though with some limitations in term of response and scope of study has served the purpose of initiating research on considering the other side of the performance equation which is the performer, which can be used as a basis for further study and benefit to the management of organizations in the service industry. The study offers theoretical and practical recommendation and suggests further research areas related to performance measurement practices and measures. This would enable managers to focus on the issues that positively influence both individual and organizational performance.
Ambiguous Tacit Knowledge With a Thematic Focus Based on Japanese Social Culture: An Excellent Source of Qualitative Data Analysis and Interpretation for Systematic Search of Meaning
Kubota, Tomomi; Arimoto, Masahiro (Japan)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.113
ABSTRACT:
Based on the social culture of Japan and how educational trends of the 1980s became the prototype for the organizational culture of schools, some schools have rejected the formative assessments that flourished at the time and have consistently used complex assessments. The purpose of this study is to explore the nature of children's learning from individualized narrative data. In this paper, we use data from a record of integrated learning at Ina Elementary School in Nagano, Japan, which documents the learning of a single child, with peer group dynamics and teacher support, to examine how teachers perceive children's learning from children's statements. The method of analysis of this data was conducted using NVIVO, a qualitative analysis tool, based on a frame grounded in the concept of "relationship" (kankei in Japanese). The data were categorized from the children's statements (narratives), and the learning records were coded and interpreted for meaning. To visualize, at various levels (individual, peer, classroom), we used Peter Senge's learning organization. The results show that children at Ina Elementary School learn directly from learning resources. And teachers work together with them toward the learning resources. In this form of learning, the teacher nurtures the competencies that are invisible and difficult to measure in children, with the teacher’s tacit knowledge. Therefore, it is very difficult to visualize children's learning. For this reason, we can approach the essence of children's learning.
An Investigation of the Effectiveness of Facebook and Twitter Algorithm and Policies on Misinformation and User Decision Making
Harner, Jordan; Ray, Lydia; Wakoko-Studstill, Florence (United States)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.101
ABSTRACT:
Prominent social media sites such as Facebook and Twitter use content and filter algorithms that play a significant role in creating filter bubbles that may captivate many users. These bubbles can expose users to dangerous or extremist content as seen with QAnon rhetoric, leading to the January 6, 2021 attack on the U.S. Capitol, and the unprecedented propaganda surrounding COVID-19 vaccinations. This paper hypothesizes that the secrecy around content algorithms and their ability to perpetuate filter bubbles creates an environment where dangerous false information is pervasive and not easily mitigated with the existing algorithms designed to provide false information warning messages. Both Facebook and Twitter provide various forms of false information warning messages which sometimes include fact-checked research to provide a counter viewpoint to the information presented. The results of a survey administered by the authors indicate that users would spend less time on Facebook or Twitter once they understood how their data is used to influence their behavior on the sites and the information that is fed to them via algorithmic recommendations. Further analysis of the survey data indicates a possible correlation between having seen a false information warning message and COVID-19 vaccination status.
Applying Digital Technology in Writing Intensive Class in Cyber Security and Information Technology Programs Identifying Technical and Psychological Issues
Ferdousi, Bilquis (United States)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.83
ABSTRACT:
This paper studies how to improve students’ technical and academic writing skills by applying digital technology, and identifying the effect of technical and psychological factors. The specific purposes of the study are to determine: 1) How digital technology can improve students’ technical and academic writing performance, 2) What tools and apps are available that can enhance students’ writing skills, 3) What technical and psychological issues need to be addressed to incorporate digital technology into the writing-intensive classes. Given the persistent limited writing performance with low motivation of learning academic and technical writing among the undergraduate students in the computer technology programs such as Cyber Security and Information Technology, this study is significant.
Art Creation Using Active Imagination To Express Collective Unconsciousness
Erazo Andrade, Santiago Paul; Masunah, Juju; Milyartini, Rita (Indonesia)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.1
ABSTRACT:
This article aims to explore the active imagination as strategy to create visual art to express collective unconsciousness. The psychoanalyst Carl Gustav Jung believes that in the deepest mind of the human being we are all unconsciously connected by symbolic images inherited from our remote ancestors, that phenomena define our instinctual behaviour. This research used qualitative approach applying art-based methodology. Two volunteers who are interested in visual arts participate in this research. The technique to collect data is by observation, structured interview, reflective portfolios and study document. The practices are implemented in an art studio at Bandung-Indonesia within November 2021. During the encounter, we explore the method with drawings and painting. The findings show that if the volunteers are committed to follow the steps of active imagination, they can create visual arts that reflect the collective unconsciousness.
Automatic Feedback GeoGebra Tasks – Searching and Opensource and Collaborative Intelligent Interactive Tutor
Dos Santos, José Manuel Dos Santos *; Abar, Celina Aparecida Almeida Pereira **; Almeida, Marcio Vieira de ** (* Portugal, ** Brazil)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.77
ABSTRACT:
The emerging knowledge obtain by the relations between the use of technologies, Artificial Intelligence-AI and cognitive sciences may be the most powerful ideas to change some of the actual paradigm of education. The concretization of these goal implies a large database of tasks created by teachers, that can adapt to several student learn styles, using all the teacher’s knowledge about the difficulties, errors, and students’ misconceptions. We are interested in studying these issues in the field of mathematics education, but similar questions arise in the remaining areas of education. The extend database of tasks included in the GeoGebra Materials, many useful strategies created by teachers, however there is a great challenge to include automatic feedback strategies in these proposals in a way that can allow the users autonomous learning. This will be the first stage to walk to give these materials some of the actual AI features. Some of the tasks of tasks with automatic feedback already built generate problems, with resolution clues, which aim to help and adjust the learning needs of the student. They also use various representations and develop from the knowledge evidenced by the user, presenting instructions that adjust the learning needs identified a priori, that is, they model the performance of the user. Since they are elaborated by teachers, they start from the representation and a way of thinking about the performance of an expert in the area, as well as their didactic skills, elaborating answers and providing accurate instructions, the tasks are modeled by an expert. The design that the authors of the tasks have of feedback is one of the crucial points of this project, feedback must be seen as a dynamic process that allows users to put themselves before formulations that allow to improve their answers, remembering or learning certain concepts prior to the accomplishment of the task. In fact, the certification feedback is simple to obtain with the software and strategies used in this project. On the other hand, feedback that results in a regulatory assessment of the user's learning of tasks is more complex because it depends on the heuristic resolution contemplated in the preparation of the task, heuristic that must necessarily contemplate the various paths that the user can initiate in the face of the proposed challenge.
Critical Pedagogy in the Investigative Practice of the University Teacher
Gómez Merchán, Neicer *; Mendoza Bravo, Karina Luzdelia *; Meza Hormaza, Jaime *; Chancay Cedeño, Carlos Humberto *; Castellanos Noda, Ana Victoria ** (* Ecuador, ** Cuba)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.89
ABSTRACT:
This article addresses the fundamentals of critical pedagogy as enhancers of the investigative practice of university teachers. Critical pedagogy is an educational paradigm based on dialogue and reflection, while university research is a substantive process that seeks to understand and generate knowledge. Therefore, Paulo Freire relates them in theory and practice as an inseparable part of education. In this work, the limitations and strengths of the investigative practice of the university professor in the Faculty of Philosophy, Letters and Educational Sciences of the Technical University of Manabí (FFLCE-UTM) are described. The research has a descriptive scope with a quantitative approach and a non-experimental-transactional design; with the interview, survey, and quantitative content analysis techniques. The population corresponds to 100 teachers taken as a sample. The results indicate a growing research production. However, some elements can be enhanced: dialogue, active participation, digital identity, production and socialization of knowledge. It is concluded that critical pedagogy is an opportunity to strengthen procedural aspects in investigative practice. Therefore, a methodological strategy composed of a system of activities is proposed.
Dialogue Between Mobile Technology and Social Interaction Rituals: A Challenge in Today's School Context
Umaña-Altamirano, María José; Ayala-Pérez, Teresa; Joo-Nagata, Jorge (Chile)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.146
ABSTRACT:
The use of mobile technologies is increasingly relevant inside and outside the school environment because their role in the teaching-learning process and the communicative possibilities they offer, especially in times of pandemics. However, it is essential to study the socio-affective implications of mobile technology during social interactions. Considering this framework, how can mobile technology dialogue with social interaction rituals in a school context? This article proposes an interdisciplinary view of the problem, based on the postulates of symbolic interactionism, the theory of natural pedagogy, the theory of relevance, and Collins' model of social interaction rituals. Based on the review, it can be pointed out that social and cultural changes that imply new socialization processes may reduce the intensity, naturalness, and effectiveness of interaction rituals, which could mean the modification or attenuation of the effects of such encounters; however, it is not possible to conclude on this matter, since it is a subject under development. Finally, it is proposed to approach it from an interdisciplinary perspective, and promote strategies for its use in schools, not only from an educational perspective but also from the point of view of the socio-affective development of children and adolescents.
Digital Maturity of Educational Project Leaders in Europe
Poszytek, Paweł; Fila, Jadwiga (Poland)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.6
ABSTRACT:
Turbulent and unstable times caused by COVID-19 pandemic showed the importance of such skills like adaptability to changing environment, openness to challenges and ability to undergo digital transformation, especially among the leaders of international ventures, such as education Erasmus+ education projects. The term of digital transformation is a vast notion which not only focuses on the usage of information and communication technologies, implementation of new business models based on ICT or introducing new services for clients in the digital world, but it is also a change observed in the raising level of technical skills among the leaders. In this study, based on the research which was carried out among 990 Erasmus+ project leaders, the issue of relation between digital maturity of project leaders and the projects’ sustainability is raised. The discussion will also include the digital dimension of transnational cooperation and place it in the broader context of relational view and network paradigm in modern science of management as well as in the context of strategic management.
Exploring the Institutional Context of an International Alliance and Micro-Foundations of Its Dynamic Political Capabilities
Čirjevskis, Andrejs (Latvia)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.19
ABSTRACT:
The institution-based view of strategy has become a leading perspective in international business and strategic management. However, to date, the institutional context of strategic alliances, particularly the analysis of the influence of government agencies on the synergies or dyssynergies of international alliances, remains unexplored. The paper aims to incorporate institutional dimensions into dynamic capabilities views of competitive advantage and to explore the conditions for collaborative synergies in international alliances. Empirically, this paper aims to contribute to the existing theoretical gap by showing how the alliance of Tesco and Carrefour could not fundamentally change their strategies to exploit the opportunities of globalization due to the significant influence of the institutional context on their collaborative synergies.
Interdisciplinary Science Technology – Raman Spectroscopy to Meet the State and National Teaching Standards
Lunsford, Suzanne K. (United States)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.30
ABSTRACT:
Students need to be engaged into the lab with real-world instrumentation such as Raman spectroscopy which is highly needed into today’s technological world. This study has engaged undergraduate students into problem solving the organic structure of various compounds /functional groups by utilizing i Raman spectroscopy instrumentation. The students understanding of abstract bonding concepts has been utilized by the FBI to solve and analyze unknowns /forensic chemistry compounds of interest. These experiences with the hands-on instrumentation have shown enhanced test scores in organic chemistry as well due to real-world bonding problems being resolved to analyze the unknown organic compounds by Raman spectroscopy.
Knowing the Universe: An Interdisciplinary Exploration of Astronomy, Physics, and Philosophy
Impey, Chris (United States)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.107
ABSTRACT:
Astronomy has a rich and long history, and deep connections to development of the most important concepts in physics. The philosophical implications of the subject are often neglected in publications or in university courses. A framework is presented for teaching the history and philosophy of astronomy in a way that engages students and encourages them to develop writing and reasoning skills. The newly developed class is suitable for non-science majors at universities, and a version of it has been launched as a massive open online class or MOOC for lifelong adult learners. The class is informed by the scholarly literature on the history of physics and astronomy. There are thirteen weekly modules: Ancient Skies, Greek Science, Revolutions, Telescopes, Gravity, Evolution, Mapping, Relativity, Quantum Theory, Stars and Atoms, Galaxies, Big Bang, and Life in the Universe. The early part of the course has interdisciplinary material on the different conceptions of the universe among cultures around the world. The middle part addresses the rise of the scientific method and science as a cultural activity. The latter part presents the dramatic changes in worldview associated with the theories of the big bang, relativity, and quantum mechanics.
Knowledge Engineering for Crime Investigation
Müller, Wilmuth *; Mühlenberg, Dirk *; Pallmer, Dirk *; Zeltmann, Uwe *; Ellmauer, Christian *; Carrasco, Francisco José Pérez ***; Garcia, Alberto Garcia ***; Demestichas, Konstantinos **; Peppes, Nikolaos **; Touska, Despoina **; Gkountakos, Konstantinos **; Muñoz Navarro, Eva ***; Martinez, Santiago *** (* Germany, ** Spain, *** Greece)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.64
ABSTRACT:
Building upon the possibilities of technologies like ontology engineering, knowledge representational models, text mining, and semantic reasoning, our work presented in this paper, which has been performed within the collaborative research project PREVISION (Prediction and Visual Intelligence for Security Information), co-funded by the European Commission within Horizon 2020 programme, is going to support Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs) in their critical need to exploit all available resources, and handling the large amount of diversified media modalities to effectively carry out criminal investigation.
A series of tools have been developed within PREVISION which provide LEAS with the capabilities of analyzing and exploiting multiple massive data streams coming from social networks, the open web, the Darknet, traffic and financial data sources, etc. and to semantically integrate these into dynamic knowledge graphs that capture the structure, interrelations and trends of terrorist groups and individuals and OGCs.
The paper at hand focuses on the developed ontology and the tools for text mining, Extract Transform Load, Semantic Reasoning and the knowledge base and knowledge visualization.
Machine Learning Algorithm on Assets' Behaviour During and Post Covid Pandemic
Somasundaram, Senthilkumar *; G, Naresh ** (* Grenada, ** India)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.52
ABSTRACT:
Global financial assets behaviour has become highly volatile during the pandemic period, especially the highly risky assets. Financial instruments like cryptocurrencies are basically speculative and the investors basically trade on these anomalies. Even though the entire world has come to standstill these markets were never. In order to understand the market anomalies during the COVID pandemic the popular asset in cryptos which is bitcoin along with the global market index such as S&P 500, Global Crude Oil prices and gold prices daily trading data are taken into consideration during and post covid. Some of the interesting aspects of Machine Learning (ML) such as variety of techniques, parameter selection, nonlinearity and generalization ability make it well suited for the problems of uncertain functional structure. Price prediction of stock markets is a challenging problem because of unpredictable noise and the number of potential variables that may impact on the prices. The research work presented in this paper involves the development of a ML algorithm which will throw light on the price behaviour of these instruments during and post crisis.
Mask Detection for Life Protection
H, Vignesh; J, Suresh; Lalithamani, N. (India)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.95
ABSTRACT:
“Health is Wealth” such a wealth of people is being affected and they are put to death on deathbeds in millions by a newly discovered virus called n-CoV (Corona virus). Covid is so-called mysterious because people affected by this disease are asymptotic. This infectious disease is mostly transmitted through droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. One of the main precautions that everyone must follow is wearing a mask. Some people wear masks improperly whenever they visit crowded places where there are high chances of this disease being spread. We have designed a real-time face mask detector that aims at detecting masks worn by people to reduce the transmission of this virus and make people wear masks in crowded areas. We can install this system at the entrance of places where there is more number of crowds. The detector follows Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), a part of Deep-Learning used to analyse visual imagery. It takes an input image, assigns importance (learnable weights and biases) to various aspects/objects of the image, and differentiates one from the other. Cascade Classifier detects the frontal face. Results have shown the detector classifies people with and without masks at an accuracy of 96.97%.
Overcoming Gender Differences in Education
Limaj, Elona; Strori, Esmeralda (Albania)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.118
ABSTRACT:
Lack of equity between boys and girls schools is not a special specific of one country, but also a sensitive issue. Annual reports show that a considerable number of children, mainly girls, have interrupted their education in various levels of Albanian education system, due to a number of reasons. The education of girls and women in Albania is important, not only as a matter of respecting a basic human right for half of the population, but also as a powerful force for economic development and achieving other social goals such as improved health and civic involvement. This work will focus on gender disparity in Albanian education system, where number of boys and girls is not the same in all education cycles - primary, elementary, secondary, according to data in the largest region in the country. A coordination of the qualitative and quantitative analysis is provided to indicate the reasons for this disparity and compare data according to random chosen schools. This work shall offer suggestions and recommendations to improve school curricula and determine the role of teachers in this aspect in order to create a favourable environment for both genders as well as making the education system more inclusive for all children includes improving standards, curricula and a focus on teacher training and development in Albania.
Project-Based Development as a Model for Transdisciplinary Research and Education
Sagheb, Shahabedin; Walkup, Katie; Smith, Robert (United States)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.128
ABSTRACT:
Project-based educational environment that focuses on real-world problems and cross-sector collaboration instills students’ learning pathways with the proficiency to move from the domain-specific to the domain-general knowledge. We conceptualize a project-based curriculum model as central to undergraduate education. Focusing on iterative design and development during each year of the undergraduate degree allows for further enrichment of the undergraduate curriculum. We present a case study of a project-based model in action within Virginia Tech, a large public polytechnic university in the United States. Working with seventy-five industry partners serving as project mentors and twenty-seven transdisciplinary faculty, we discuss methodology key to ensuring student learning and project outcomes within this model, including embedding industry partners within project teams, developing transdisciplinary project teams, and encouraging just-in-time implementation of disciplinary knowledge.
Scientific Milieu, Multi-Disciplinary Science and Creativity
Vieira Kritz, Maurício (Brazil)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.58
ABSTRACT:
Western science has always intrinsically been a social enterprise. How the population of scientists organises itself to produce knowledge, though, has changed enormously during the last 150 years. Generally, these changes occurred instinctively and spontaneously, being rarely, if at all, planned or investigated a posteriori. The result of this process is that the actual organisation of the scientific society is being considered far from optimal to face the gigantic and complex challenges lying ahead. In domains aiming to understand problems of organised complexity it is even inadequate, although it is often difficult to state why and to identify where inadequacies lie. Grounding on organisations, a generalisation of the system concept, on the in-formation concept induced by them and on the ground-breaking achievements of the science of generic systems in the last century, I sketch a description of the scientific milieu and its social arrangements that allows for inquiring about agonistic, antagonistic, and synergistic situations and interaction-patterns.
Teacher Training as a Driver of the Integration of Substantive Functions at the Technical University of Manabí
Posligua Loor, Katty Isabel *; Mendoza Bravo, Karina Luzdelia *; Meza Hormaza, Jaime *; Chancay Cedeño, Carlos Humberto *; Castellanos Noda, Ana Victoria ** (* Ecuador, ** Cuba)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.123
ABSTRACT:
The constant changes that arise in society require Higher Education Institutions to be prepared to face the challenges that occur in the educational field; For this reason, it is essential to strengthen teacher training, to make the teaching-research-linkage relationship feasible and concrete in the classroom space, which guarantees a more scientific, creative and socially committed teaching activity. Based on this premise, this research aimed to develop the theoretical and methodological foundations of a Teacher Training Strategy for the integration of substantive university functions in the professional performance of university teachers, through descriptive-propositional research, based on a mixed approach of sequential design in two stages, the first allowed to diagnose the training needs of the university teacher of the Faculty of Philosophy, Letters and Educational Sciences of the Technical University of Manabí; and second, to develop a teacher training strategy as a strategic axis for the integration of substantive university functions, supported by different theoretical, empirical and statistical methods. The Teacher Training Strategy, as the main scientific result, is structured in three stages, in correspondence to the general conception assumed and the training needs identified in the research; its validation by the criteria of experts allowed to conclude that the proposal is viable and has relevance, therefore, it is feasible to be applied.
Text Classification of News Using Deep Learning and Natural Language Processing Models Based on Transformers for Brazilian Portuguese
Santana, Isabel Nadine de; Oliveira, Raphael Souza de; Nascimento, Erick Giovani Sperandio (Brazil)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.134
ABSTRACT:
This work proposes the use of a fine-tuned Transformer-based Natural Language Processing (NLP) model called BERTimbau to generate the word embeddings from texts published in a Brazilian newspaper, to create a robust NLP model to classify news in Portuguese, a task that is costly for humans to perform for big amounts of data. To assess this approach, besides the generation of the embeddings by the fine-tuned BERTimbau, a comparative analysis was conducted using the Word2Vec technique. The first step of the work was to rearrange the news from nineteen to ten categories to reduce the existence of class imbalance in the corpus, using the K-means and TF-IDF techniques. In the Word2Vec step, the CBOW and Skip-gram architectures were applied. In BERTimbau and Word2Vec steps, the Doc2Vec method was used to represent each news as a unique embedding, generating a document embedding for each news. The metrics accuracy, weighted accuracy, precision, recall, F1-Score, AUC ROC and AUC PRC were applied to evaluate the results. It was noticed that the fine-tuned BERTimbau captured distinctions in the texts of the different categories, showing that the classification model based on the fine-tuned BERTimbau has a superior performance than the other explored techniques.
The Emergence of Sentence Guidelines in the Balkans – Should Albania Follow the Same Model?
Leka, Adrian; Jani-Haxhiu, Brunilda (Albania)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.10
ABSTRACT:
Different countries have established different models and mechanisms to assist the judge in the difficult task of determining the criminal sentence. These approaches are influenced by the criminal justice system model, the role of the judge in criminal proceedings and, not infrequently, by priority issues that are not related to the conceptualization of the criminal justice system: corruption, professionalism of judges, etc.
In countries that have a codified body of criminal law – as a rule, countries that belong to the civil law tradition, the criminal law sets the minimum and maximum ranges of the criminal punishment. Within these limits, it is up to the judge to determine the individualized sentence for each defendant, based on the principles and rules provided for by the criminal law.
Different types of mechanisms have been established in countries that belong to the common law tradition, as the criminal law is not so inflexible in setting the ranges of punishment and the judge has much more discretion in determining the sentence, based on the rules of precedent. In some of these countries, sentencing guidelines are used. These guidelines are usually approved by the judges themselves and are not legally binding, but they gain application as a result of the precedent rule.
In recent years, sentencing guidelines have been approved and applied in two of Albania’s neighboring countries: Kosovo and North Macedonia. This paper will address the role of guidelines in criminal proceedings, the models they were based on, the reasons for introducing them, and how they were implemented in Kosovo and North Macedonia. Finally, we will argue whether the introduction of such a mechanism in Albania would be in harmony with the existing framework and beneficial, in general.
The New Paradigm of Communication Within the Transdisciplinary Research
Pokojska, Justyna (Poland)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.42
ABSTRACT:
The aim of this paper is to postulate a new paradigm of communication within the transdisciplinary research, treated as a desirable model of practicing science in the XXI century (Brandt et al. 2013, Balsiger 2004, Wickson et al. 2006, Aenis 2010). The author emphasizes the need for a re-naturalization of transdisciplinary communication within the internally diversified teams, by returning to the natural, unforced patterns of human behavior within a group. Although it may seem to be a manifestation of sentiment for the Renaissance vision of science, combining threads from various, seemingly unconnected, areas of study (e.g. physics, metaphysics and philosophy in one research approach) - the today's necessity to restore transdisciplinary communication is a challenging task, including a need to return to the natural practices of cross-domain communication, using the potential of an in-depth expertise in all the scientific areas. A mature transdisciplinary dialogue bases on a translation of perspectives (Schuetz 1984, Perinbanayagam 2005) resulting from the natural predilection of a human actor to put himself/herself in the position of the other (interaction partner) in order to understand his/her point of view, for the set of intersubjectively shared senses and meanings is the starting point for every kind of partnership.
The Role of School Teachers' and International Education Project Leaders' Digital Competence During Covid-19 Pandemic
Poszytek, Paweł; Fila, Jadwiga; Jeżowski, Mateusz (Poland)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.47
ABSTRACT:
This paper analyses the significance of digital competence in the light of the impact of the Covid-19 on formal and non-formal education settings. The Authors discuss the definition of digital competence, as provided by the European Commission, and quote key international research data on digital competence in education. Furthermore, based on research carried out by the Authors during the Covid-19 pandemic among school teachers familiar with digital technologies in learning, and international education project coordinators, the Authors claim that digital competence has become one of the most substantial elements in contemporary classroom and international education project management.
The Translator’s Black Box: Cognitive Challenges in Inter-Linguistic and Inter-Disciplinary Communication
Nikolarea, Ekaterini (Greece)
https://doi.org/10.54808/WMSCI2022.03.70
ABSTRACT:
This work is a meta-cognitive study of the author who will try to describe, from a linguistic/translation point of view, what happens when a person (Human intelligence [HI] – nous) moves back and forth between two, at least, linguistic systems (English ↔ Greek in the present study). As the author will claim during this process the person [HI – nous] goes through seven stages: (1) “Cognitive blindness” to specific parts and key words or terms of the text, unless there is a helper or an agent, either a HI and/or an Artificial Intelligence [AI]. (2) Awareness (noesis) of the existing polysemy of scientific discourses. (3) Motivation to find a solution (i.e. the appropriate scientific term). (4) Ask several helpers/agents for help; that is, HIs (noes) – such as scientists, colleagues and/or AI – such as electronic dictionaries, forums, translation machines. (5) Consideration of the scientific and cultural context of the terms s/he encounters. (6) Entrance in the grey area of the translator’s black box when s/he tries to make a decision. (7) Production of knowledge [a text (oral or written)], thus, the person [HI-nous] enters the sphere of inter-linguistic (across languages) and inter-disciplinary communication. The author will also discuss how cognition and knowledge as aspects of ontology and epistemology respectively can be understood as a Janus-faced situation.
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