International Institute of
A Reservation System with an Efficient Matching-and-Scheduling Mechanism for Private Parking-Sharing Programs
Yan, Pengyu *; Cai, Xiaoqiang *; Chu, Feng **; Ni, Debing * (* China, ** France)
ABSTRACT:
We design a smart parking-sharing reservation system composed of three modules: Pre-processing, matching, and pricing. With the announced supply and demand information, the preprocessing module identifies a set of feasible parking slots for each driver concerning the compatibility of slot supply for the driver’s demand. The matching module generates a system-wide optimal matching solution and further schedules the driver’s parking time by using the flexibility of driver travel plans. The pricing module adopts a novel VCG-based pricing to determine the parking fees of drivers under an incomplete information setting in which each driver (player) cannot obtain the knowledge of the other competitors (players) who will compete against her. We find that the designed reservation system can not only elicit drivers’ truthful demand reports but also achieve the optimal performance of the system. In this short paper we briefly describe our system and the main solution approaches we use.
Access Point Placement for Indoor Wireless LAN
Narita, Yuma; Lu, Shan; Kamabe, Hiroshi (Japan)
ABSTRACT:
In recent years, the Internet of Things has been attracting attention, and it is becoming more and more important to connect to the network without disconnection at any place. This paper examines an efficient access point arrangement such that objects can connect to two or more access points all over a specified area. In the museum theorem, a camera that can monitor in all directions can be used to determine the camera’s position that can monitor the entire area. Under the assumption that the radio waves spread in all directions, it is possible to use the museum theorem to determine the efficient arrangement of wireless LAN connected at all points in the area. We propose an algorithm for efficient wireless LAN placement using the museum theorem.
An Automatic Equipment for the Marking of 12" Polyethylene Pipes
Corbera, Jefferson; Guillén, Fabricio; De La Cruz, Mario; Kemper, Guillermo; Oliden, José (Peru)
ABSTRACT:
This work proposes a device for automatically marking high-density polyethylene (HDPE) tubes, using a mechatronic system which moves through the outside of the tubes and marks symmetrical points along it, to be used as perforation guides. Due to their physical and chemical properties, these tubes are widely used in draining processes in the mining and petrochemical industries, and the proposed system is an integral solution for the tube manufacturing industry. Current commercial solutions use costly methods which employ large anchored machinery for marking and perforation. Other available products use laser marking systems. The present work proposes a portable, low-cost, and easy to use system with a friendly user interface. It employs an integrated system which uses electronic control of geared motors and encoders to control the linear displacement along 12 inch HDPE tubes. Said displacement is done by a lightweight structure equipped with electrical pistons anchored to a mechanical system. A graphic user interface aids in configuring the marking process. The process ends when the whole tube has been marked and is ready for the subsequent drilling process. Validation testing shows that the system achieves a marking location precision of 95%. Thus, the present work successfully achieves its purpose.
Analysis of Dielectrophoretic Movement of Cell Flowing in Micro Channel Related to Shape of Cell
Hashimoto, Shigehiro; Ono, Ryuya (Japan)
ABSTRACT:
Dielectrophoresis was tried to be applied to the cell sorting technology in previous studies. In the present study, the movement of mouse myoblast cells flowing through the perpendicular electric field in the micro channel has been analyzed in vitro. A pair of asymmetric surface electrodes of titanium were manufactured by the photolithography technique: a triangular electrode with the tip angle of 0.35 rad, and a rectangular electrode of the flat edge as the reference. The cyclic alternating electric current of the square wave with the period of 0.3 μs was introduced between the surface electrodes to induce the asymmetric electric field perpendicular to the main flow direction. The suspension of cells (C2C12: mouse myoblast cell line) was injected into the flow channel, and the flow rate was controlled by the pressure head between the inlet and the outlet. The velocity of each cell related to the shape and alignment is measured. The experimental result shows that the velocity change near the tip of the electrode is lower at the highly elongated cell. The maximum movement perpendicular to the main flow direction occurs when the major axis is perpendicular to the main flow direction.
Basic Study on Evaluation of Earphone Hearing Loss - Discussion of Integration of Audiograms -
Hishida, Hirotoshi; Watanabe, Tomoki; Fujii, Yamato; Hishida, Yasuhiro; Hishida, Keiko (Japan)
ABSTRACT:
In our laboratory, basic research on earphone deafness has been conducted and ear age has been estimated using audiograms. The audiograms are continued to be collected from a wide range vary and it should be quite important that they are statistically evaluated, that is, are integrated.
In the present paper, audiograms made in Europe and the United States were statistically processed to create the integrated audiograms for female, for male and for gender unknown. The obtained audiograms are for women in the 50s to 70s, for men in the 50s to 70s, and for gender unknown in the 20s to 60s. This integrated audiogram shows that women hear better than men, and that men's hearing varies more than women's. It is also suggested that ear deterioration depends on factors such as race and living environment including culture, and that 2 kHz to 4 kHz may indicate some important boundary point related to deafness.
Basic Study on the Mechanism of Earphone Hearing Loss - Further Experiment Obtaining Ear Age and Real Age -
Hishida, Hirotoshi; Fujii, Yamato; Kawano, Atsushi; Hishida, Keiko; Hishida, Yasuhiro (Japan)
ABSTRACT:
In our laboratory, data on ear age are collected as a part of basic research on earphone hearing loss. The subjects listen to pure tones from 1 kHz to 21 kHz in 1 kHz increments, and their ear age are estimated based on whether or not they can be heard. In the present paper, the correlation between the real age and the ear age for 554 subjects at different locations is integrated. Then, a certain correlation was found between the real age and the ear age. Overall, the ear age increased with the real age, and there was a large variation in the ear age among young subjects under 30 years of age. In addition, the number of teenage subjects who have the ear ages of thirties was overwhelmingly large. There were also many subjects in their 20s with ear ages in their 30s, and it may be that young people around Shinjuku and Kamakura in Japan are likely to have deafness.
Basic Study on the Recognition of Line Thickness - Proposal of Experimental Method and Presentation of Its Results -
Hishida, Hirotoshi; Komatsu, Yoshihiro; Hishida, Yasuhiro; Sugimoto, Manaka (Japan)
ABSTRACT:
In our laboratory, the authors study the mechanism of visual misunderstanding related to drawings and would propose measures to prevent misunderstandings of drawings. In this paper, original experimental methods are proposed and the accuracy of thickness recognition is discussed. The experiment employs the method of selecting the straight line with the same thickness as the 1.0mm thick side of the square drawn in the center of the test paper from 24 straight lines with a thickness of 1.2 mm to 0.8 mm arranged around a square.
The result of 95 students as subjects show the correct answer rate for thickness recognition was about 50%m with a tendency to recognize thicker lines thinner. The variation in thickness recognition is fairly consistent with the normal distribution and may be a natural phenomenon. Several other features and trends are identified. Overall, for an example, the position relative to the square and whether the straight line is horizontal or vertical do not significantly affect the results. On the other hand, it is also suggested that the tendency and characteristics of thickness recognition may be found by advancing the research in detail.
Can Cell Type Be Distinguished by Behavior in Shear Stress Field?
Yonezawa, Hiroki; Hashimoto, Shigehiro; Ono, Ryuya (Japan)
ABSTRACT:
The effect of the cell type on deformation and orientation of each cell under the shear stress has been investigated in vitro. To make a Couette type of shear flow, the culture medium fluid was sandwiched with a constant gap between parallel walls: a lower stationary culture disk, and an upper rotating disk. Four types of cells were used in the test: C2C12 (mouse myoblast cell line), HUVEC (Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells), 3T3-L1 (mouse fat precursor cells), and L929 (mouse fibroblast connective tissue). After cultivation without flow for 24 hours for adhesion of cells on the lower plate, the shear stress of 1 Pa was continuously applied on cells for two days in the incubator. The behavior (deformation and major axis angle) of each cell (before and after division) was traced at the time lapse images observed by an inverted phase contrast microscope placed in an incubator. The deformation of HUVEC is larger than that of the other cell type. The variations of deformation are small in L929. HUVEC tends to make direction parallel to the shear stress field. L929 tends to make orientation perpendicular to the shear stress field.
Cell Division Under Shear Stress Flow Field
Hashimoto, Shigehiro; Horiguchi, Fumiya; Yonezawa, Hiroki (Japan)
ABSTRACT:
The effect of activity of the cell on division compared with exfoliation has been investigated under the shear flow field in vitro. To make a Couette type of the shear flow, the culture medium was sandwiched with a constant gap between parallel disks: a lower stationary culture disk, and an upper rotating disk. Myoblasts (C2C12: mouse myoblast cell line) were used in the test. After cultivation without flow for 24 hours for adhesion of cells on the lower plate, the shear stress field was continuously applied on cells for 7 days in the incubator. The behavior of each cell was traced at the time-lapse image observed by an inverted phase contrast microscope placed in an incubator. In every direction, the acceleration of the cell migration is doubled at 2 Pa compared with that at 1.5 Pa. The two-dimensional projected area change rate (Sr) of the cell is higher in the higher shear stress field. The value of Sr is higher before division than that before exfoliation.
Comparison of Governance Cases in Owner-Managed SMEs
Millers, Maris; Gaile-Sarkane, Elina (Latvia)
ABSTRACT:
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) represent in Europe up to 99% of all businesses and provide two-thirds of the total employment in private sector. However, business literature as well as training programs often tend to use large companies and corporations as best practice examples for setting up management practices.
This research review existing literature on governance and management system development in context of small and medium enterprises and compare findings with three small-medium- sized companies from different European countries. Companies analyzed demonstrate different ways of setting up management system and processes to achieve positive financial and market results. This leads to conclusion that it is essential to achieve fit of management system elements to business circumstances, rather implementing selected good practices. For small and medium enterprises, this is even more important, as they are characterized by limited resources and competences. This paper enlighten challenges SMEs are facing and some possible solutions that will contribute to improving their management and sustainability.
Conflict Management for Improvement of Processes in Organizations
Citskovskis, Ugis (Latvia)
ABSTRACT:
It is possible to develop models for identification of problems and conflicts in the processes or teams and company managers can try to prevent them in early stages though creating more supportive environment and better company culture.
The paper is devoted to classification of conflicts for managerial purposes and Dunning–Kruger effect elements in conflict process. The research is based on systematic literature overview, application of induction and deduction to the analysis of the literature review results.
Construction of a Music Database for Earphone Hearing Loss Prevention and Music Therapy - Discussions on the Relationship Between Beethoven's Music and His Deafness -
Hishida, Hirotoshi; Komatsu, Yoshihiro; Hishida, Keiko; Yamamoto, Dai; Hishida, Yasuhiro (Japan)
ABSTRACT:
A music database is indispensable in both of basic research on earphone hearing loss prevention and music therapy. In this study, Beethoven's 32 piano sonatas and 16 string quartets are added to into the classical music genre of the database. And then, the relationship between his progress in hearing loss and the pitch distribution used in these works is discussed.
WAVE data and the spectrum obtained by FT analysis of it, musical score, and, if added, MIDI data and pitch distribution obtained from it, are considered to be information which should be included in the music database. It was found that both his piano sonata and string quartets have frequency characteristics close to the natural 1/f spectrum, are comfortable, and are not dangerous to the ears. On the other hand, there are detailed differences in the same classical music, for example, his string quartet may be effective in inducing sleep, and his piano quartet is likely to be ear-friendly.
Developing a Customer Centric Journey Map
Kokins, Gundars; Straujuma, Anita (Latvia)
ABSTRACT:
This article proposes a solution to the unwieldy complexity of by understanding the link between Consumer Journeys and Customer Journeys to create a customer centric view, by showing managers how to develop a Customer Journey map that improves the experience at each touchpoint, while still addressing their higher-level goals in the form of Consumer Journeys. This is done by proposing a 6-step practical framework for managers on how to combine a multitude of different data sources to create a Customer Centric Journey map rooted in data and facts, rather than assumptions, that also includes and addresses Co-Creation aspects of Customer Experience and means to improve the experience by creating a Journey Preposition (To-Be map). Using the case of the Cambridge Venture Camp 2021, organized as part of the ERASMUS+ programme of the European Union within Strategic partnerships for higher education, this framework is empirically applied and tested, to provide suggestions and future research directions.
Development of Turning Support Jig for Elderly People
Hishida, Hirotoshi; Tang, Xinrui; Hishida, Yasuhiro (Japan)
ABSTRACT:
Now aging is a cause of various problems that should be solved in every country. As more and more elderly people need to be cared for due to aging, night care for the elderly has also become a problem to be solved. In this study, the nursing bed was redesigned to ensure that the user could automatically turn over at night without assistance from others. This design allows the user to imitate the normal way of sleeping and turning over on the bed, so that the user can get a full rest at night. On this basis, a lot of security equipment is added to ensure the safety of users.
Different Approaches to the Development of Customs Work and Process Evaluation System
Čevers, Aldis; Gaile-Sarkane, Elīna (Latvia)
ABSTRACT:
Today’s task is to create a modern and operational customs that can effectively solve the tasks assigned to it both in the short and long term and it depends on many internal and external conditions; different methods are used to improve its operations, various stakeholders are involved in its processes, its reforms need various types of support. Studies show the need for performance measurement in the public sector, strategy management at all levels, organizational transparency, organizational objectivity, effectiveness, performance improvement and effectiveness. There are various mechanisms and methods of customs work evaluation in the world, but the various functions and tasks of the customs service, the specifics of the internal and external environment, the impact of different processes on customs work require the creation of different approaches and systematic solutions.
Does Direction of Tangential Force Field Affect Subsequent Behavior of Cells?
Hashimoto, Shigehiro; Sekine, Wataru (Japan)
ABSTRACT:
The effect of the direction of the tangential force field on subsequent behavior of each cell has been studied in vitro. To control the direction of the major axes of cells the stripe-pattern ridges (0.7 μm height, 3 μm width, and 3 μm interval) was made on the surface of the scaffold plate. Variation was made on the angle between the longitudinal direction of the ridge and the direction of the tangential force: 0 degrees, 45 degrees, and 90 degrees. Myoblast (C2C12: mouse myoblast cell line) was used in the experiment. To apply the tangential force field to the cells, the scaffold plate was set in a tube in a conventional centrifugal machine placed in an incubator. After the centrifugation for 5 hours, the migration velocity and the two-dimensional projected area of each cell has been tracked by the time-lapse microscope images. The experimental results show that the length of pseudopodium and body of each myoblast tends to increase in the following cases: 50G perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cell, and 100G parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cell.
Enhancing an Interdisciplinary Program with Blended Learning – The Case of the Baltic IT Leadership Program
Rivera, Claudio A.; Bancroft, Justin (Latvia)
ABSTRACT:
Research background: Higher Education Institutions seek to enhance more interdisciplinary curricula in traditional undergraduate and graduate programs. The main objective is to improve the level of certain skills that support the capacity of graduates to handle complex problems as soft skills, critical thinking, and a growth mindset. This paper describes a case study where RTU Riga Business School has introduced MIT Micromasters online courses to deliver its interdisciplinary Baltic IT Leadership Program (BITL). The authors summarize the approach used to integrate the MIT Micromasters online courses and highlight challenges in the learning process, faculty preparation, and integration of coursework in the existing curricula of the program. The authors analyze the first pilot run with the course Intro to Probability and describe the plan for integrating financial courses in the future.
Facilitation of Legal Trade: Implementation of AEO
Čevers, Aldis; Rudzītis, Normunds; Gulbis, Aivars (Latvia)
ABSTRACT:
Customs functions are evolving and the promotion of legal trade is at the forefront along with provision of security in various aspects. How can customs promote legal trade? One of the options is the creation of simplifications in customs clearance providing for faster, easier and cheaper movement of goods across the customs border.
Forecasting of a Technology Using Quantitative Satellite Lifetime Data
Batthula, Venkata Jaipal Reddy; Segall, Richard S.; Howell, Michael; Aboudja, Hyacinthe; Berleant, Daniel; Tsai, Peng-Hung (United States)
ABSTRACT:
Technology forecasting plays an important role in the research and development of products in any company or organization. A well-designed forecast study would help to get the maximum expected gains from future conditions while minimizing expected losses. This article focuses on forecasting of average satellite lifetimes. In this article, using data for the launch dates of satellites, we will analyze their failure (expiration) dates to better understand the curves most suitable for determining trends in satellite lifespans. This article also discusses the prediction of lifetimes of satellites currently in orbit, as well as those to be launched in the future.
One goal of this paper is to explain the importance of forecasting and to give a brief explanation of forecasting methods. Another objective is to develop a best fit curve from the available past performance data of satellites by using techniques such as regression analysis, general curve fitting and valuation methods.
Holistic Approach to Innovation Projects: The Perspective of Higher Educational Institutions
Gaile-Sarkane, Elina *; Segers, Jean-Pierre *; Franco, Dirk V. **; Van Caillie, Didier **; Macke, Janaina *** (* Latvia, ** Belgium, *** Brazil)
ABSTRACT:
We are witnessing a shift of paradigms and changes in all aspects of economy, including the way of living and of managing businesses. It is well known that higher education is a national development function that aims to prepare talent and create added value for the economy. This is possible only by ensuring good cooperation between academia and industry which is possible through innovation projects. Today innovation moves towards holistic approach and the question of role and perspective of higher educational institutions in this changing environment becomes more and more topical.
How Does Cell Change Flow Direction in Micro Groove?
Hashimoto, Shigehiro; Matsumoto, Taketo; Uehara, Shogo (Japan)
ABSTRACT:
The movement change of the flowing cell over the oblique micro groove has been analyzed in vitro. The micro flow-channel (0.05 mm height × 1 mm width × 25 mm length) with oblique micro grooves (4.5 μm depth) has been manufactured on the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) disk by micromachining technique. The angle between the main flow direction and the longitudinal axis of the groove is 45 degrees. Variation has been made on the width (0.03 mm, 0.04 mm, and 0.05 mm) of the groove. Myoblast (C2C12: mouse myoblast cell line) was used in the test. A main flow velocity (0.02 mm/s < vx < 0.23 mm/s) of the medium was controlled by the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet. The shape of each flowing cell was tracked on the movie recorded by the camera attached on the eyepiece of the microscope. The experimental results show that the change of the movement of each cell in each groove depends on the direction change of the major axis of the cell, which relates to the shape of the cell and the width of the groove.
How Does Cell Deform During Movement in Micro Gap?
Uehara, Shogo; Hashimoto, Shigehiro (Japan)
ABSTRACT:
A biological cell can pass through a narrow gap. The gap plays a role of filter of cells in vivo. In the preset study, deformation of a cell during passing through a micro-gap in a micro flow channel has been analyzed in vitro. A gap with the rectangular cross section (10 μm height, 0.4 mm width, and 0.1 mm length) has been made at the middle part of the micro flow channel by the photolithography technique. Myoblasts (C2C12: mouse myoblast cells) were used in the test. The flow rate of the medium fluid, in which cells were suspended, was controlled by the pressure head between the inlet and the outlet. The deformation of each cell passing through the micro gap was observed with an inverted phase-contrast microscope. The experimental results show that elongation of the cell tends to increase at the position of its major axis parallel to the flow direction of the medium fluid in the gap during the intermittent movement passing through the gap.
Identification of Cultural Determinants for International Business
Sceulovs, Deniss; Balaji, Ragav Abishek; Babica, Viktorija; Rustenova, Elvira; Sprogis, Maris (Latvia)
ABSTRACT:
The paper covers findings about the role of culture, the definition and the determinants of culture. The different models of culture were compared. This gives an idea of the important aspects of culture and how it affects SMEs (Small and medium enterprises) in internationalization. The role of consumer behavior and consumer culture plays an important role in expansion of the SMEs internationally as they are formed based on culture. The empirical part of the paper reveals the analysis of Expert interview results that comprises the determinants of culture and the various degrees to which it affects internationalization of SMEs, the cultural barriers that SMEs face in internationalization, how to overcome the cultural barriers by adaptation and steps that help analyze consumer culture before expansion.
Interactive Effects of Object Transfer Between Application Windows Displayed
Chae, Haeng-Suk (South Korea)
ABSTRACT:
Provided are a mobile device and a method for transferring objects from a source application window to a destination application window, which are simultaneously displayed on a display unit of a mobile device. The method may include displaying the first application window and the second application window simultaneously on the display unit in response to a multiscreen mode initiation input, and transferring at least one of a portion of and an entire object in one of the first application window and the second application window to another application window in response to an object transferring mode initiation input.
Interrelation of Process Management and Employee Stressors in Organization
Lapina, Inga; Briede, Ieva; Aramina, Daira (Latvia)
ABSTRACT:
One of the biggest challenges in today's rapidly changing world is stress and its impact on employees. Sense of time urgency, anxiety, problems, and stress at work can lead to serious employee health problems and burnout. Process management has always been an important part of every organization and is necessary for the organization to be successful, so it is important to study how the organization's quality system and process approach affect the performance of employees and the company as a whole. The aim of the research is to evaluate the interrelation of process management and employee stressors, as well as the impact of quality management on stress reduction in the organization. This paper includes surveys` data analysis of the research project “Improving management competencies on Excellence based Stress avoidance and working towards sustainable organizational development in Europe - IMPRESS”.
Optimal Analysis for Enhancement of Thermo Mechatronic Processes
Calderón Ch., J. Alan; Lozano, John; Tafur, Julio; Barriga, Benjamín; Lengua, Juan Carlos; Solano, Gonzalo; Huanca, Darío (Peru)
ABSTRACT:
Thermodynamic processes are part of the road of a thermodynamic system, while it has an initial and final state of the thermal trajectory. Nevertheless, there are many intricate variables while the process goes from a transient to a steady state, in many contexts it causes imbalances in the final system, such as given losses in internal efficiencies of subsystems from the main system, furthermore the total losses in the system efficiency. Hence, in this work is proposed a procedure to optimize a general thermodynamic process which was evaluated in different applications that are part of primary manufacturing tasks like there are in Perú, even they can produce pollution or disturbances in nature conditions when it is not an optimal procedure to develop the thermodynamic process. This proposal procedure is based in mathematical modelling by correlation in theoretical analysis of the thermal system with analysis of experimental data through adaptive/predictive techniques, moreover, it was evaluated and suggested applications of new technologies as sensors/actuators based in nanostructures due to faster and robust characteristics as comparisons with traditional sensors/actuators. Finally, the results achieved were interpreted by standards norms that help to keep based comparisons to interchange with international community.
Performance Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms for Sleep Apnea Detection using ECG
Ramachandran, Anita; Pant, Atul Kumar; Karuppiah, Anupama (India)
ABSTRACT:
Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder in which a sleeping person’s breathing is disturbed. Subjects suffering from sleep apnea undergo periods of no or shallow breathing during their sleep. Sleep apnea may lead to severe issues such as diabetes, cardio vascular problems, hypertension, neurological issues and liver problems. Because of the global prevalence of sleep apnea as well as the direct and indirect long term problems it brings about, it is important to diagnose and treat this condition. Sleep apnea is detected clinically by the Polysomnography (PSG) test which measures various biomedical parameters such as electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG) and oxygen saturation (SPO2) over a full night’s sleep. The application of machine learning to detect sleep apnea from these parameters has gained ground in the recent past because of its ability to learn from the training datasets and generalize well to make predictions on new data. In this paper, we look at the performance of 6 machine learning classifiers – k-nearest neighbors (kNN), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Random Forest, XGBoost and Support Vector Machine (SVM) in their ability to detect apneaic events. The study is based on a datasets with ECG signals.
Self-Definition of Virtual Identity: Post COVID-19 Consumer in Details
Jankovska, Ilze; Gaile-Sarkane, Elīna (Latvia)
ABSTRACT:
The Covid-19 pandemic has changed the habits of consumption significantly. Moreover, it also challenged a common understanding of who the consumerist is, how he/she identifies his/herself and how he/she relates to his/her identity outside the consumption. Distinction between a virtual and physical reality has become even more blurred – working remotely and consuming culture online, establishment of new virtual hobbies; even the closest interactions with friends and families are largely digital.
Segovia and Bailenson (2009) have suggested that brain cannot distinguish between an authentic experience and a synthetic one. It means that our lives during Covid-19 pandemic have become digital and virtual by default. [5]
All of the above has been largely influential in the rise of a new consumer’s identity. The aim of the paper is to understand self-definition of virtual identity of post-Covid-19 consumerist in details – what defines post-Covid-19 consumer?
The Tool Path Tolerance Setting with Respect to Accuracy During 3axis Milling
Sadilek, Marek; Cep, Robert; Cepova, Lenka; Kusnir, Lukas; Sniehotta, Patrik (Czech Republic)
ABSTRACT:
Article describes area CNC milling center programing during 3 axis finishing milling. Article is focusing on setting the tolerance of tool paths during finishing milling in CAM systems. Finding of suitable tool paths during finishing is very time consuming and can be expensive.
Target is to recommend specific settings of tolerance in CAM system with the respect to achieved accuracy, machining time, surface roughness and quantity of NC blocks. The aim is also to compare the practical results of machining with predicted simulation.
The methodology for evaluating this problem is based on the following steps: experimental sample design for 3axis milling, accuracy prediction of machined samples, production of samples using CNC milling center, analysis of accuracy and surface roughness with respect to shape of workpiece.
The result is the variance of shape accuracy deviations from the specified CAD model of the workpiece, focusing on individual areas of its shape. The research results show milled surface errors depending on the tool path tolerances. It is not preferred to set very low tolerance in the CAM system with respect to increasing machining time.
Values Based Positioning – The Key to Success in Development of a Brand
Ence, Enno; Gaile-Sarkane, Elīna; Štrausa, Evita (Latvia)
ABSTRACT:
Brand positioning becomes increasingly important in an information-saturated environment and because of high competition. In order to attract consumer, it is crucial to define which influencing factors and brand positioning components company should consider to create a differentiation from competitors and how to maintain sustainable business development. In article authors lead to the importance of values based approach in positioning process since correlation of the values is essential as well as understanding of future trends for successful business development.
Scientific aim of the research is to determine and group the elements of brand positioning and justify the importance of values for their use in business and brand development.
Findings: The correlation of values helps to perceive and accept the brand and creates long-term relationship between brand and stakeholders. Values are the main influencing factor of motivation, decision making and action (Active values).
Conclusions: Active values are driven by core and espoused values, therefore brand positioning based on values is the key of successful brand development. Correlation of values determines belonging to a brand, stakeholders’ involvement and engagement. Knowing the trends of industry, companies through brand positioning can reach the deal already today having expectations about future - brands get closer to their target audience communities.
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